About MAC Address Lookup Tool
Dec 12, 2013 As far as running OS X 10.9 and as many have stated, this creation effectively makes an unsupported Mac Pro commiserate with any supported Mac Pro presently on the market. As far as your Mac Pro and installing/running Mavericks on it is concerned, MVPF has essentially become rather meaningless and inconsequential. Mac Hack is a computer chess program written by Richard D. Greenblatt.Also known as Mac Hac and The Greenblatt Chess Program, it was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Mac Hack VI was the first chess program to play in human tournament conditions, the first to be granted a chess rating, and the first to win against a person in tournament play. By default, Process Hacker shows entries for drivers in addition to normal user-mode services. You can turn this off by checking View Hide Driver Services. Get real-time information on gpu usage. By default, Process Hacker shows gpu usage for all processes. Hover your cursor over the graph for detailed information when available.
MAC Address Lookup Tool searches your MAC Address or OUI in mac address vendor database. The MAC Address vendor database consists of a list of mac addresses of all devices manufactured till date. Finding the mac address from this database tells us which manufacturer originally manufactured this device and what is the prefix, postfix of a given mac address, moreover it tells us what country was this device manufactured. All this information is useful if you want to verify the generated mac address with the original vendor of this device in OUI vendor database.
What is a MAC Address?
MAC Address or media access control address is a unique ID assigned to network interface cards (NICs). It is also known as a physical or hardware address. It identifies the hardware manufacturer and is used for network communication between devices in a network segment. MAC Address usually consists of six groups of two hexadecimal digits.
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The network adapters or network interface cards always come with a MAC address which is fed into hardware, usually in read-only memory (ROM), or BIOS system. The physical address is stored into the NIC by its manufacturer, that is why this address is also called a burned-in address (BIA) or ethernet hardware address.
There are several NIC manufacturers; some well-known of them are Dell, Cisco, Belkin. The first three sets of two hexadecimal numbers in a MAC Address identifies the card manufacturer, and this number is called OUI (organizationally unique identifier). OUI is always the same for NICs manufactured by the same company. For example, let's say a network card manufactured by dell has a physical address:
00-14-22-04-25-37
, in this address, 00-14-22
is the OUI of Dell which identifies that the device is by Dell. It may be interesting for you to know that all the OUIs are registered and assigned to the manufacturers by IEEE.How to Find MAC Address?
To find MAC Address, see the instructions given below for popular operating systems.
How to Find MAC Address in Windows?
- Go to Command Prompt
- Press Windows + R
- Type
cmd
and press Enter - Click Start Button
- Type
cmd
and press Enter
OR- In Command Prompt, type
ipconfig/all
and press Enter - And locate for the 'Physical Address' or 'HWaddr' field. The Physical Address should be in format
M:M:M:S:S:S
. For example:00-14-22-04-25-37
How to Find MAC Address in MacOS?
- Click on Apple Menu (usually on top left corner), and click
System Preferences
- In
System Preferences
, clickView
menu and selectNetwork
- In the
Network
window that just opened, click theWi-Fi
,Ethernet
, orAirport
icon on left. - Now click
Advanced
on bottom right. - From the upper menu, click
Hardware
, and look forMAC Address
field. - Your
MAC Address
should be in the format:M:M:M:S:S:S
. For example:00-14-22-04-25-37
How to Find MAC Address in Linux or Unix?
- Perform the following as super user (or with appropriate permissions)
- Type
ifconfig -a
- Look for 'eth0'. This is your default ethernet adapter
- Now locate the field 'HWaddr'. The value displayed next to it is your MAC Address.
- Your MAC Address should be in this format:
00-14-22-04-25-37
- Type
How to Find MAC Address in iOS?
- Open
Settings
app. - Tap on
General
option in settings. - Now tap on
About
option. - Locate the field
Wi-Fi Address
- The value against this field is your MAC Address
- Your
MAC Address
should be in the format:M:M:M:S:S:S
. For example:00-14-22-04-25-37
Finding a MAC Address in Android
- Method 1:
- Open
Settings
app. - Select the option
Wireless & Networks
- Select
Wi-Fi Settings
- Select
Advanced
, and your wireless network card's MAC Address should appear here.
- Open
- Method 2:
- Open
Settings
app. - Select the option
About Device
- Tap on the option
Hardware Info
- Select
Advanced
, and your wireless network card's MAC Address should appear here.
- Open
Early Chess Programs at MIT | ||
1957–1958 | routines by John McCarthy and Paul W. Abrahams[1] | IBM 704 |
---|---|---|
1959–1962 | Kotok-McCarthy | IBM 7090 |
1965–1967 | The Greenblatt program (Mac Hack) |
Mac Hack is a computer chess program written by Richard D. Greenblatt. Also known as Mac Hac and The Greenblatt Chess Program, it was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mac Hack VI was the first chess program to play in human tournament conditions, the first to be granted a chess rating, and the first to win against a person in tournament play.
Its name comes from Project MAC ('Multi-Level Access Computer' or 'Machine-Aided Cognition'[2]) a large sponsored research program located at MIT. Over time, it became a hack in the sense of Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution,[3] a book by Steven Levy in which Greenblatt appears. The number VI refers to the PDP-6 machine for which it was written.
Development[edit]
Greenblatt was inspired to write Mac Hack upon reading MIT Artificial Intelligence Memo 41,[4] or a similar document describing Kotok-McCarthy, which he saw while visiting Stanford University in 1965. A good chess player, he was inspired to make improvements at MIT in 1965 and 1966.[5]
In about 2004, he had an opportunity to tell Alan Kotok that searching the 7 best moves at each of the first two plies, and limiting the search depth to 2 would have done better than the default widths of '4 3 2 2 1 1 1 1', attempting 8 plies in Kotok-McCarthy's
REPLYS
subroutine which generated each player's next plausible moves.[6]Greenblatt added fifty heuristics that reflected his knowledge of chess. Mac Hack was written in MIDAS macro assembly language on the PDP-6 computer DEC donated to MIT (the first working PDP-6, serial number 2). Many versions may exist. During this period the program was compiled about two hundred times.
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Tournament play[edit]
By the time it was published in 1969 Mac Hack had played in eighteen tournaments and hundreds of complete games. The PDP-6 became an honorary member of the Massachusetts State Chess Association and the United States Chess Federation,[7] a requirement for playing tournaments. In 1966 the program was rated 1243 when it lost in the Massachusetts Amateur Championship. In 1967, the program played in four tournaments, winning three games, losing twelve, and drawing three. In 1967 Mac Hack VI defeated Ben Landy with a USCFrating of 1510 in game 3, tournament 2 of the Massachusetts State Championship.[5][8]
Greenblatt published the program with Donald E. Eastlake III and Stephen D. Crocker in MIT Artificial Intelligence Memo 174 and recorded some games there.[9]
Influence[edit]
Mac Hack played by teletype, was ported to the PDP-10 and was the first computer chess program to be widely distributed.[10] Mac Hack was the first chess computer to use a transposition table, which is a vital optimization in game tree search. Greenblatt and Tom Knight went on to advance artificial intelligence and build the Lisp machine in 1973.[11]
References[edit]
- ^McCarthy, John (1996). 'LISP prehistory - Summer 1956 through Summer 1958'. Retrieved 9 December 2006.
- ^Snover, Janet and Bill Litant (n.d.). 'Acronyms and Abbreviations Used at MIT'. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved 29 December 2006.
- ^Levy, Steven (2 January 2001). Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Penguin (Non-Classics). ISBN0-14-100051-1.:
- Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution by Steven Levy at Project Gutenberg
- ^*Kotok, Alan (n.d.). 'A Chess Playing Program (AIM-41 - PDF)'(PDF). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved 26 December 2006.
- ^ abGreenblatt, Richard D. (12 January 2005). 'Oral History of Richard Greenblatt'(PDF). Computer History Museum. Retrieved 1 July 2006.Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^Hendrie, Gardner (12 January 2005). 'Oral History of Richard Greenblatt'(PDF). Computer History Museum. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
- ^LEVY, D. (29 June 2013). Computer Chess Compendium. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN9781475719680.
- ^Levy, David N. L. (6 December 2012). Computer Games I. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN9781461387169.
- ^'The Greenblatt Chess Program'(PDF). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Richard Greenblatt, Donald Eastlake III, Stephen Crocker. April 1969. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
- ^'A history of computer chess - from the 'Mechanical Turk' to 'Deep Blue' - High Tech History'. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
- ^'Richard Greenblatt and Thomas Knight with the CADR LISP Machine at MIT'. www.computerhistory.org. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
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Notes[edit]
- Photo: Richard Greenblatt and Thomas Knight with the CADR LISP Machine at MIT, Unknown photographer. Courtesy of MIT. (1978). 'Computer History Museum accession number L02645385'. Retrieved 29 December 2006.
- Pearson Education, Addison-Wesley Professional (2006). 'Donald E. Eastlake'. Retrieved 26 December 2006.
- Computer History Museum (n.d.). 'Opening Moves: Origins of Computer Chess: 2.4 Getting Going'.
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